Computerized Home Health Care System

This system links the patient, usually with chronic diseases or diseases or disabilities, to the healthcare provider based in a hospital or clinic. Non invasive sensors are applied directly to the body to monitor vital signs of the patient. These sensors will automatically detect serious situations and send alarms to a remote control centers. The principle used is somewhat similar to telemetry in critical care systems where distance is exaggerated and where patient nurse interaction is possible. Interactive communication between the patient and the nurse can be facilitated with the inclusion of a microphone, speaker, a monitor display and video camera supported with long flexible arm for catching images of hard-to-reach areas in the body. Showing of progress in healing of wounds,burns of fractures can be displayed online to the nurse for assessment. The client can do simple surgical procedures as instructed on line and as being watched by the nurse or other healthcare provider on the other end .

Electronic Health Record (EHR)

Electronic Health Record is a longitudinal electronic s record of a patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery systems. Included in this information are patient's demographic, progress notes,problems,medication,vital signs,past medical history,immunization,laboratory data and radiology report. The EHR automates and streamlines clinicians workflow. The EHR has the ability to generate a complete record of a clinical patient encounter- as well as supporting other care-related activities directly or indirectly via interface-including evidence based decision-support system,quality management, and outcomes reporting.

In this section, you will find many resources that contribute to the ability of the healthcare organization to realize a longitudinal electronic record that spans across the continuum of healthcare.

Pirates of Silicon Valley(summary)

The story is about the two personal computer companies Apple Computer Corporation and Mircosoft Inc. It shows their battle for corporate supremacy. Biographical look about the men who founded Apple and Microsoft and a look at a the early days of the companies.

In Berkeley campus 1976, Jobs and Wozniak unveil their latest computer. It is obvious that while it is Wozniak's genius that built the computer and it's Jobs' genius that sells it. During this scene, Jobs want to wipe out the enemy IBM. Job was undaunted and persevered when a venture capitalist Mike Markkula offered a fledgling Apple computers a quarter of a million dollars to do something.

In Albuquerque, 1976, Bill and Paul had quit Harvard and Bill's fast talking at the computer company MITS (maker of the ALTAIR) earned them a signing bonus and a double in royalties for their BASIC programming language, with that, Microsoft is born. It is during these years in Albuquerque, fueled by his own manic personality that Bill does everything from having a midnight race with bulldozers, to racking up so many speeding tickets that he is arrested and jailed.

At this point Microsoft is desperately trying to cobble together the Windows operating system from pirated Macintosh software. Word of this eventually reached Jobs more than once, but no matter how angry or accusatory Steve became, Bill could always calmly explain away any such fears, weathering any of Steve's tirades meekly, placating Steve into, once again, believing that Microsoft was no threat, a level of manipulation that Steve Ballmer felt was where Bill Gates' true genius lay. Then again, Ballmer felt that Jobs' genius lay in making computers not a business, but a religion, and nothing scared him more.

During the penultimate scene of the movie, Steve Jobs introduces an Apple T-shirt wearing Bill Gates as a part of the Apple family to an audience of Apple employees before giving them a sneak preview of the Apple 1984 commercial that was being filmed in the open scene. After the sneak preview, Steve was given concrete proof that Microsoft did replicated software from the Macintosh and when he confronted Bill with it, Gates famously replies with, "You and I are both like guys who had this rich neighbor - Xerox - who left the door open all the time. And you go sneakin' in to steal a TV set. Only when you get there, you realize that I got there first. I got the loot, Steve! And you're yellin'? "That's not fair. I wanted to try to steal it first." You're too late."

The end of the movie relates the sad facts that Steve Jobs had disaffected so many of his former best friends that none of them wanted to toast him for his 30th birthday, in fact, three months later Steve Jobs was fired from the company he helped found. He was later re-hired in 1997 and became the architect of the second Apple Microsoft co-endeavor bringing the companies and the movie full circle.

Internet

      Internet is a vast connection of hundreds of millions of computers working together to share information. No one owns or controls the internet. 

      It is very useful and it can help us to communicate with others through social networks. We can meet new friends and chat with our loved ones far from us. It can also helps students for their projects assignments, research and etc. Schools and companies or establishments are also connected to internet.

      Some of the uses of internet are email,information,business,social networking,shopping, entertainment,E-commerce,Services,Job search and dating/personal. Without internet we can't access or enter to the different websites. There are many ways that internet can help us. Most of us have already internet connections at home. We can enjoy surfing online, chatting with friends and loved ones and explore to the different websites anytime.

Wireless Internet Services

Satellite Connections. Satellite Internet Services uses a low-Earth satellite to transmit computer data directly to and from satellite dish owned by an individual.The dish is connected to the PC via a satellite internet modem. It offers 1000 to 1500 Kbps downstream speed but only 35-128 Kbps upstream speed. The connection is good for regular surfing and downloading but not ideal for gaming because of its natural latency delay which occur as data is routed from your computer to a satellite that orbits high above the earth. Satellite transmission and reception can be blocked by bad weather conditions like rain, snow making it less reliable than wired connections.

WiMAX Connection. Also known as wide area Wi-Fi is an Ethernet-compatible network technology with a range of 30 miles and data transmission rates of 70 Mbps. Radio frequency signals are broadcasted by a station over large areas covering cities and outlying areas.

A high speed Internet connection may be connected to a hub and/or a router to multiply its services to several computers forming a local area network.
Internet Access with Mobile Devices. PDAs, notebook, tablets and smart cellphones can connect to the Internet via Wi-Fi and cellular phone services. Wi-Fi connectivity is made possible with wireless routers creating hotspots such as those found in public locations like restaurants, coffee shops, parks, schools, and libraries.

Network System

It is essential to learn the basics of networking. Since late 1950's, health institutions in the US use mainframes that are connected to terminals in financial offices. A computer exists whenever two computers connected and share the same data. A network can range in size from palmtop connected to a desktop using wireless or cable communication, to a worldwide multi user environment known as the internet.

The basic physical architecture of a local area network (LAN) is most essential in automation of healthcare information system allowing communication and sharing of resources across different departments or sections of a healthcare institution. a wider set up known as wide area network (WAN) is also important with increasing emergence of electronic health record systems. WAN has computers connected farther apart forming an interconnection of LANs, alson known as enterprise networks.

Nursing Informatics

Nursing informatics is defined as the combination of computer science, information and communication technology and nursing science to enhance nursing informational processes in the field of care, administration, research and education. It deals with the study of how healthcare data, information, knowledge and probably wisdom are electronically collected, stored, processed, communicated and used to support the process of healthcare delivery to clients by the providers, administrators and other participants of healthcare organization.

Conceptualization of automated nursing information process may have started as early as late 1950's in the US where few pioneering hospitals made use of computers in feasibility studies to computerize their information system that includes the non-clinical and clinical areas.

With computerization, you can easily transmit a laboratory results or medication order with 4 to 5 clicks or keys starting form main menu. Electronic database in automated information system displays data in variety of forms and correlates them with other data.

The Origin of Healthcare Informatics

For decades, in healthcare, the increase in knowledge has led to the development of many specialties and sub specialties. Treatment becomes better but fractional causing difficulty in overview of the entire patient. The number of health cases increased exponentially  with increase in population,discovery of more diseases and extension of life expectancy. There are simply so much data in so many places that it is difficult to merge the data that we find and the knowledge that we already have. We are putting so much data but lack the time to channel them into useful information or knowledge.This led to the development of healthcare informatics. 
Healthcare informatics can help the top four problems of local nurses in the workplace (excessive documentation, long turnaround times, inaccurate nursing processes, and poor documentation).

The Nurse-Computer Interface

A nurse-computer interface is a part of a workplace where nurse’s modified activity meets with a computer adapted for human use for enhanced productivity while maintaining harmony with nature.

Digital environment of high speed electrons flowing through circuits and manipulated with microscopic switches has to interact with a user environment composed of people of an organization of entirely different nature and character and thus requires an interface to connect effectively. Much consideration is given by computer manufactures by making ergonomic (design to fit for natural human interaction) hardware. Ergonomics is the application of physiological, psychological and engineering principles to interactions between people and machines. Software developers are striving hard to make the computer programs as user –friendly as possible.